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Wolfgang Gockel (21 November 1945 – 3 March 2005) was a German archaeologist, best known for his efforts at deciphering the Mayan hieroglyphs. Gockel's early life did not seem to predestine him for the study of archaeology. He was born in Rönsahl, a small town in North Rhine-Westphalia. After completing his schooling in Bochum, he first began an apprenticeship as a machinist. However he quickly abandoned the factory for the high seas. After qualifying as an able bodied seaman, he traveled the world (1963–1969). It was at this time that his interest in archaeology was awakened. Gockel served in the German Bundeswehr (1969–1975), eventually becoming a helicopter pilot. In 1975, he completed his university qualifying examination and began his studies of archaeology in Cologne, Bonn and Göttingen, with a concentration on the near east, Assyriology and classical archaeology. He completed his M.A. in 1979 with a thesis on sculpture in Mesopotamia and Elam from the early Sumerian to the early dynastic period. During his studies of "Altamerikanistik" (pre-Columbian ethnology) at the "Völkerkunde-Institut" in Bonn (1975–1977), he was introduced to the problem of reading the Mayan hieroglyphs, which would occupy him till the end of his life. After completing his degree, Gockel was engaged as a tour guide and free-lance archaeologist working on excavations and special projects for museums and private collectors. While working on one such (totally unrelated) project at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence in the Spring of 1987, Gockel spent his evenings puzzling over the Mayan hieroglyphs. He quickly developed a new approach which he found extremely promising 〔http://www.gockelmayatheory.com/〕 and commenced work on a decipherment of the dynastic inscriptions at the ruined Mayan city of Palenque in Chiapas, Mexico. Gockel's work, which was ready for publication in the Fall of 1988, created a furor - partially because his results disagreed radically with those of other scholars 〔Riese, Bertold, Reseña bibliográfica a Wolfgang Gockel, La historia de una dinastía maya: El desciframiento de los glifos clasicos con base en las inscripciones de Palenque (Geschichte einer Maya-Dynastie, Mainz 1988 ). In: ''Antropología'' 27, No. 7-9, pp. 46-49. Mexico.〕〔Riese, Bertold, Wolfgang Gockel: ''Die Geschichte einer Maya-Dynastie: Entzifferung klassischer Maya-Hieroglyphen am Beispiel der Inschriften von Palenque''–In: ''Spektrum der Wissenschaft'', January 1990, pp.130–134 and August 1990, p. 9 (to two letters to the editor. )〕 and partially because he chose to make his work public first in the popular German weekly magazine ''Stern'',〔Thews, Klaus “Wie die Maya-Schrift entziffert wurde” in ''Stern'', 23 June 1988 (41, No. 26, pp. 32–54 ).〕 which the other major German news sources regarded with some skepticism.〔“Plaudernde Steine - ‘Welt-Exklusiv’ im "Stern": Wieder mal behauptet ein Hobby-Forscher, er allein habe die Glyphen-Schrift der Mayas richtig entziffert. Die Wissenschaft schmunzelt”. (unsigned article) in ''Der Spiegel'', 25 July 1988, (30, 1988, pp. 146b-147 ).〕〔G.P. (Paul ) “Glyphen” in ''Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung'', 24 June 1988, with replies by Friedrich Wilhelm V. Schmidt “Polemik gegen Gockel”, 7 August 1988 and Wolfgang Gockel, “Maya Glyphen und Interpretationen”, 8 August 1988.〕 The prestigious ''Süddeutsche Zeitung'' took a more positive view.〔Renate Scheiper, “Ein Geheimnis weniger im tropischen Regenwald”, ''Süddeutsche Zeitung'', 20 February 1990 (Nr. 42, p. 50 ).〕 The scholarly publication〔Wolfgang Gockel (1988) ''Die Geschichte einer Maya-Dynastie'', Mainz:Verlag Philipp von Zabern.〕 was reviewed negatively in ''Spektrum der Wissenschaft'', the German edition of ''Scientific American'',〔 with replies to the review by Gockel〔Wolfgang Gockel, “Buchbesprechung (January 1990)” in ''Spektrum der Wissenschaft'', 8 August 1990, p. 8.〕 and one of the referees who approved the ''Stern'' publication.〔Russell Block, “Buchbesprechung (January 1990)” in ''Spektrum der Wissenschaft'', 8 August 1990, p. 8.〕 A scheduled conference at the Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum in Hildesheim, where Gockel was to face his critics, did not materialize.〔〔“Journal: Maya-Glyphen enziffert?”, ''Die Welt'', 23 June 1988.〕〔Wolfgang Patzke, “Den Schlüssel zu jahrhundertaltem Geheimnis gefunden”, ''Volksblatt Berlin'', 3 July 1988.〕〔“Mayaschrift entziffert?” ''Bremer Nachrichten'' (dpa), 23 June 1988.〕 Gockel's Palenque book was translated into Spanish and published in Mexico in 1995.〔Historia de una dinastía Maya. El desciframiento de los jeroglíficos mayas de acuerdo con las inscriptiones de Palenque, 1995, Mexico, D.F. :Editorial Diana〕 The Spanish edition and some manuscript drafts of uncompleted work have only recently become available on line. In addition to his work on the decipherment of the Maya hieroglyphs, Gockel published a number of works on Latin America and the Middle East. Wolfgang Gockel died at his home in Helsinki, Finland, on 3 March 2005. ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wolfgang Gockel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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